Ayres Corporation S2R-T34 N30902 accident near Athleimer, Arkansas

Probable cause

Failure of the first stage planetary gearset in the propeller reduction gearbox, which resulted in catastrophic engine failure. Contributing to the failure was the misrepresentation of the gearset being zero-timed by the company that sold the gearset to the operator. Also contributing was the total accumulated hours on the used gearset, which were beyond the manufacturer's recommended time between overhaul.

NTSB analysis

The pilot had just started his first pass spraying fertilizer when the turboprop engine “exploded” and the propeller suddenly stopped. He saw flames around the cowling and soot and pieces of metal were exiting the exhaust stack. The pilot made a forced landing to a field, which resulted in the landing gear being torn from the airplane. The pilot was able to exit before the airplane was completely consumed by fire. A teardown examination of the engine revealed a failure in the first stage planetary gearset of the propeller reduction gearbox. All the gear teeth of the sun gear were ground down as far as the gear tooth roots, and the three meshing planetary gear teeth were battered and mutilated with only about 2/3 of the gear teeth height remaining. Review of the documentation of the last repair revealed that the gearset was a used replacement from another engine, contrary to manufacturer guidance, which states that first stage planetary gears should be replaced with a new gearset. The shop that sold the used gearset had misrepresented it as being zero-timed. The hours accumulated on the used gearset were beyond the manufacturer’s recommended time between overhaul.

Text from the NTSB. Open the NTSB docket for CEN11LA404 for the full record.